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《教育對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響研究——基于cgss數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)證分析》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。
1、教育收益率均有所提高,但是城鎮(zhèn)居民教育收益率增加的幅度明顯大于農(nóng)村居民。第三,教育收益率性別差異在城鄉(xiāng)都有不同程度的體現(xiàn),男性收入水平顯著高于女性,但是女性教育收益率要高于男性。性別歧視依然存在,并且農(nóng)村地區(qū)體現(xiàn)的更加突出。就業(yè)的性別歧視是造成農(nóng)村內(nèi)部收入分配差距大于城市的主要原因。第四,地區(qū)差異、行業(yè)差異、政治面貌、是否接受培訓(xùn)以及父母受教育程度同樣對(duì)居民個(gè)人收益率有不同程度的影響。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、市場(chǎng)發(fā)育程度、社會(huì)制度與社會(huì)文化以及家庭背景等社會(huì)環(huán)境因素對(duì)不同居住地、不同性別、不同行業(yè)以及不同政治面貌的人口影響不同,從而導(dǎo)致其受教育水平及就業(yè)狀況的差
2、異,而就業(yè)狀況的差異又影響收入水平,收入水平和受教育水平共同決定了教育收益率。第五,造成我國(guó)教育收益率城鄉(xiāng)差異的另一個(gè)重要原因在于城鄉(xiāng)分割的戶籍制度及與其相關(guān)的福利制度的存在使得城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村居民在就業(yè)權(quán)利、社會(huì)保障和人均收入上存在著巨大的差距。最后為縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距,本文提出要擴(kuò)大政府的財(cái)政性教育投入,尤其是對(duì)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)教育的投入;大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì),多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入;完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī),保障農(nóng)民的勞動(dòng)權(quán)益等政策建議。關(guān)鍵詞:教育城鄉(xiāng)收入差距明瑟收入方程教育收益率AbstractSincethereformandopeningup,withChina’Sra
3、pideconomicgrowth,thewideningurban-ruralincomegapisseemstohavebecomeaveryprominentsocialproblems.Toolargeincomegapmeansnotonlythelossofeconomicefficiency,butalsonotconducivetosocialstability,affectingthesustainableeconomicdevelopmentofsocietyasawhole.Therefore,wemustexploretheca
4、usesandproposedTherearemanyreasonswhichCancreatethewideningincomegap.Westernscholarsbelievedtheeducationandhumancapitalinvestmentwerethegreatlyreasons,whichgaveussomereasonableexplanation;Basedonthehumancapitaltheory,somescholarsinChinabelievedthatthetendencyofeconomicpolicyfrom
5、thecity,theurban-ruraldualeconomicstructure,thehouseholdregistrationsystemworkedforChina’Sincomegap.Today,it’Saneraofknowledgeeconomy.Humancapitalhasbecomeacorefactortopromoteeconomicgrowth.Asthemostimportantaspectsoftheinvestmentinhumancapital,educationdetermineseconomicgrowtha
6、ndthespeedofgrowth.Therefore,wetrytoexpandresearchabouthowtheeducationgapbetweenurbanandruralareasimpactontheincomegapbetweenurbanandruralareas,andputforwardcorrespondingpolicyrecommendations.Inthispaper,wecombinethetheoreticalanalysisandactualanalysis.Firstlywefindthebasistheor
7、y,analyzetherelationshipofeducationandincomedistribution,andthewayhowtheeducationgapaffecttheincomegap.AndthenweanalyzethestatusquoofChina'surban-ruraliiacomegapandinequalityinurbanandruraleducation.InChina’Sactualsituation,urbanandruraleducationinequalityWascausedbytheurban-rur
8、alincomegap.Differencesinurbanandruraleducation