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1、摘要目前,新一代耐高溫合金P92鋼已經(jīng)被大量應(yīng)用于超臨界和超超臨界燃煤和燃油電站的建設(shè),也被廣泛用于鍋爐汽包、主蒸汽管道和汽輪機(jī)箱體等結(jié)構(gòu)上,這些結(jié)構(gòu)在高溫、低應(yīng)力的服役條件下長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行,容易發(fā)生P92鋼焊接接頭的、lV型破壞。國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)P92鋼熱影響區(qū)內(nèi)蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展速率的研究還很少,因此,有必要研究P92鋼熱影響區(qū)內(nèi)蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展速率,從而為防止蠕變開(kāi)裂和對(duì)焊接接頭進(jìn)行安全評(píng)定,以及對(duì)蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展的壽命評(píng)價(jià)提供依據(jù)。在指定焊接工藝和焊接材料下對(duì)P92鋼進(jìn)行焊接,并測(cè)出P92鋼在指定焊接工藝和焊接材料下的焊接熱模擬曲線。根據(jù)焊接熱模擬曲
2、線,通過(guò)熱處理模擬的方法制備焊接熱影響區(qū)各微區(qū)顯微組織的試樣。并且與實(shí)際焊接接頭相應(yīng)部位的顯微組織和硬度進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明在本文采用的熱處理工藝下,模擬熱影響區(qū)各微區(qū)組織和硬度與實(shí)際焊接接頭組織和硬度吻合很好。對(duì)模擬熱影響區(qū)各微區(qū)試樣在同一溫度,不同的應(yīng)力水平下進(jìn)行加速蠕變?cè)囼?yàn),求得不同應(yīng)力水平下的穩(wěn)態(tài)蠕變應(yīng)變速率。結(jié)果表明,低應(yīng)力下焊接熱影響區(qū)各區(qū)中細(xì)晶區(qū)蠕變速率最大,相對(duì)其它微區(qū)而言更易產(chǎn)生蠕變開(kāi)裂。根據(jù)ASTME1457標(biāo)準(zhǔn),通過(guò)緊湊拉伸試驗(yàn)測(cè)得P92鋼焊接接頭及母材的蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展曲線和裂紋尖端應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的C木參量。根據(jù)P92鋼
3、焊接接頭裂紋擴(kuò)展率da/dt與裂紋尖端應(yīng)力場(chǎng)C宰參量的關(guān)聯(lián),對(duì)穩(wěn)態(tài)條件下P92鋼熱影響區(qū)蠕變裂紋的擴(kuò)展速率進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。結(jié)果表明在低應(yīng)力水平下,焊接接頭熱影響區(qū)蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展速率大于母材蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展速率,再次證明了P92鋼在高溫、低應(yīng)力的服役條件下長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行時(shí),熱影響區(qū)的缺陷相較與母材來(lái)說(shuō)更危險(xiǎn),一旦裂紋萌生,裂紋的擴(kuò)展速度也更快。關(guān)鍵詞:蠕變;熱模擬;本構(gòu)方程;裂紋擴(kuò)展;c術(shù)ABSTRACTCurrently,newhigh.temperatureresistantalloyP92steelhasbeenwidelyappliedint
4、heconstructionofsupercriticalandultrasupercriticalcoal.firedandfuel—firedpowerstation.a(chǎn)ndithasbeenappliedforthelong—termoperationunderhightemperature.10Wstressconditionsinthestructuresincludingdrumboilers.mainsteampipelinesandhousingofsteamturbines,whichwerepronetoTyp
5、eIVcrackofP92steelweldedioints。BothChina’Sandtherestoftheworld‘SresearchonthecreepcrackgrowthrateofP92steelwelded;ointsHAZwasratherIimited,therefore.itshouldbepaidmuchattentionsinordertosafetyevaluationontheweldedjoints,evaluationofcreepcrackgrowth.preventthecreepcrac
6、kandgiveproperlyandalsoprovideevidencesforthelifeIntheeventthatdesignatedweldingprocessandweldingconsumableswereadopted,theweldingthermalsimulationcurvesweremeasuredwhenperformingtheweldingofP92steel.Accordingtothemeasuredcurves,thesampleswithmicrostructurecharacteris
7、ticsofthermalaffectedzonewerepreparedinthewayofheattreatmentsimulation.Fromthecontrastiveanalysisonthemicrostructureandhardnessofweldedioints,itshowedthatthesimulationresultswereinwellagreementwiththemeasuredresults,andprovedthatthesimulationsamplesweresuccessfulandef
8、fective.Byperformingacceleratedcreeptestonthesimulationthermalaffectedzoneunderthesametemperaturebutdifferentstress,thestrai