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1、碩士學(xué)位論文空業(yè)化、多樣化對(duì)出國(guó)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的彫響姓名:楊培申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專(zhuān)業(yè):產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:張建華2010-05-14摘要提高城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力是發(fā)展城市強(qiáng)勁經(jīng)濟(jì)、提升國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力的必由之路。大量以發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家城市為樣本的實(shí)證研究都表明專(zhuān)業(yè)化的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚模式和多樣化的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚模式下的技術(shù)溢出對(duì)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新有不同程度的影響。在中國(guó)的城市以產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚為特點(diǎn)的情況下,研究專(zhuān)業(yè)化、多樣化的產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚模式對(duì)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新有何種影響,對(duì)于提高城市競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力極具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文從不同產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚模式下技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)的視角出發(fā),選取2005-200
2、7年中國(guó)23個(gè)省的198個(gè)地級(jí)市,計(jì)算198個(gè)城市的專(zhuān)業(yè)化、多樣化指數(shù),分析其特征,并對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)化、多樣化如何促進(jìn)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的作用機(jī)制及其在城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中的相對(duì)貢獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了理論和實(shí)證上的研究。計(jì)量結(jié)果表明:(1)屮國(guó)城市相對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)化的行業(yè)是穩(wěn)定的;擁冇豐富自然資源(如農(nóng)林牧漁和采礦等產(chǎn)業(yè))的城市的相對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)化指數(shù)更高,并且省會(huì)城市的相對(duì)多樣化程度較高。(2)相對(duì)多樣化產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚形式下的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng),即Jacobs外部性更能促進(jìn)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新;和對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)化產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚形式下的技術(shù)溢岀效應(yīng),即MAR外部性對(duì)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新有反向作用。(3)提升本
3、地人力資木競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的教育支出、反映政府對(duì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新支持力度的財(cái)政科學(xué)支出和反映經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的GDP總量對(duì)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新均冇顯著的正效應(yīng);體現(xiàn)地區(qū)開(kāi)放度和對(duì)國(guó)際技術(shù)溢出吸收利用程度的FDI份額對(duì)城市技術(shù)創(chuàng)新冇不顯著的正效應(yīng)。關(guān)鍵詞:創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚專(zhuān)業(yè)化多樣化外部性AbstractRaisingtheinnovativecapabilityoftechnologyincitiesisthemostefficientandnecessarywayofdevelopingthestrongeconomyincitiesandpromo
4、tingtheinnovativecapabilityofthewholenation.Majorityofthesamplesbasedonthecitiesofdevelopedcountriesimplythatinnovationofurbantechnologyisinfluencedbythespilloveroftechnologyunderthemodelofspecializedindustrialclusteranddiverseindustrialcluster.Therefore,fortheci
5、tiesinadevelopingcountry,suchasChina,whetherthemodelofspecializedordiverseindustrialclustercanmakeapositiveimpactontheinnovationofurbantechnologyisakeytoraisetheurbancompetitivepower.Wepickupthedatasof198prefecture-levelcitiesin23provincesofChinaduringtheyears200
6、5-2007fromtheviewoftheeffectsofspilloveroftechnology,inordertocoucalutethespecializationanddiversityindexandanalyseitsfeatures,andfinallywestudyonthedatatofindouthowspecializationanddiversitycanmakeacontributiontotheinnovationofciviltechnologytheoreticallyandprac
7、ticallyandmakesuggestionsonthecorrespondingpoliciesaswell.Theresultssuggestthat:(l)TherelativelyspecializedindustriesinthecitiesofChinaisstable,andthespecializationindexofthecitieswhopossessabundantnaturalresourcessuchastheindustriesofagriculture,forestry,animalh
8、usbandry,fisheryandminingisevenhigher,meanwhilethecapitalcitiesownahigherdiversityindex.(2)TheresearchontheinnovationofciviltechnologyinChinaimplythattherelati