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1、_AmhivesArchVirol(1992)122:307-316virology?Springer-Verlag1992PrintedinAustriaCoronavirusIBV-inducedmembranefusionoccursatnear-neutralpHD.Li*andD.CavanaghAgriculturalandFoodResearchCouncil,InsituteforAnimalHealth,DivisionofMolecularBiology,HoughtonLaboratory,Hunt
2、ingdon,Cambridgeshire,U.K.AcceptedJune21,1991Summary.ThelysosomotropicagentNH4C1causedareductionof80-95%inthenumberofchickkidney(CK)cellsandVerocellsinfectedbyinfectiousbronchitisvirus(IBV)strainBeaudette,asdeterminedbyimmunofluorescenceattheendofthefirstreplicat
3、ioncycle.InhibitiononlyoccurredwhenNH4C1waspresentduringthefirst2hafterinfection.SyncytiumformationwasstudiedduringreplicationofIBV-BeaudetteinVerocells.Somecell-ceUfusionoccurredatpH7.0andpH6.5butitwasoptimalatpH6.7.IBVstrainUK/123/82didnotreplicateinVerocellsan
4、dwasstudiedinCKcellsinwhichitgrewwellbutwithoutformingsyncytia.IncontrasttoIBV-Beaudette,NH4C1hadvir-tuallynoeffectonthereplicationofUK/123/82.TheresultsshowthattheIBVspikeglycoproteininducesmembranefusionatnearneutralpHalthoughsomeIBVstrainsmayrequireamildlyacid
5、icenvironmentfortheefficientuncoatingofthevirionRNA.IntroductionMembersofthemonogenericfamilyCoronaviridaeareenveloped,eachspeciescontainingalargespikeglycoprotein(S)whichformsthebulboussurfaceprojections,responsibleforinductionofmembranefusion[4,20,23],andasmall
6、membraneglycoprotein(M),mostofwhichisnotexposedattheoutervirussurface.InIBVandsomeothercoronavirusestheSproteiniscleavedtoformanamino-terminalS1andacarboxy-terminal$2subunit[1,22].Asubsetofthecoronaviruses,whichincludesbovinecoronavirus(BCV)andmurinehepatitisviru
7、s(MHV)butnotavianIBV,containsathirdglycoprotein(HE)whichhashaemagglutinatingandacetyl-esteraseactivities[22].Theribonu-*Presentaddress:HarbinVeterinaryResearchInstitute,Harbin,HeilongziangProvince,People'sRepublicofChina.308D.LiandD.Cavanaghcleoprotein(RNP)compri
8、sesasingle,positive-senseRNAmoleculeofsome30,000nucleotidessurroundedbyaphosphorylatednucleocapsidprotein(N)[22].Thestudyofmembranefusioninducedbycoronaviruses
