山東省濰坊市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語Word版含解析.docx

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高一英語試卷注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanstudy?A.Byrecordinglectures.B.Byhavingextraclasses.C.Byorganizingnotesafterclass.2.Whatdoesthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Lookforherglasses.B.Fillintheformforher.C.Readouttheformforher.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Performinginaplay.B.MakingFridayplans.C.Buyingticketsforashow.4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Ashop.B.Acinema.C.Arestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.WakeupMr.Jones.B.Informotherneighbors.C.Callthefirestation.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分) 聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatexercisedoesthemanoftendoathome?A.Bodyweightexercises.B.Yoga.C.Jogging.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Giveupusingtheapp.B.Trysomefreecoursesontheapp.C.BuyaVIPmembershipoftheapp.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhydidTinafailtocontactMikethroughavideocallyesterday?A.Hisphonewasbroken.B.Hisphonewaspoweredoff.C.Hisphonecouldn’treceiveavideocall.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’snewphone?A.Cheap.B.Outdated.C.Fancy.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Strangers.C.Co-workers.11.Howmuchdotheweightlosspillscost?A.$100.B.$110.C.$150.12.Whatdoesthewomanneedtodoaccordingtoherself?C.Tryanewdiet.B.Putonsomeweight.A.Buildmuscle.13.Howdoesthewomansound?C.Grateful.B.Interested.A.Annoyed.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。 14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutattendingoverseascamps?A.Expensive.B.Helpful.C.Challenging.15.Wheredoesthewomanprobablycomefrom?A.Canada.B.England.C.China.16.Whatcampwillthewomanchooseforherkids?A.Asportscamp.B.Anartcamp.C.Awildernesscamp.17.Whowillthekidslivewithincamps?A.Theirparents.B.Thecampworkers.C.Thenatives.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aspecialstatue.B.Anewkindoffish.C.Abeautifulriver.19.WhydidtheMalayPrincenametheisland“LionCity”?A.Hethoughthesawalionthen.B.Helearneditfromalegend.C.Helikedlionsverymuch.20.Whatisthespeakerprobably?A.Anagent.B.Areporter.C.Atourguide.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASummerisapproachingandwithit,festivalseason.TheseareEurope’sbestclassicalmusicfestivals,nottobemissed!BergenInternationalFestival,NorwayBergenFestivalwasestablishedtopromoteNordicartistsandhasbecomethelargestfestivalofmusicandartsinScandinavia.Aswellasattractingworld-classperformers,itisspecialfortakingplaceinuniquehistoricalspotsintheheartofBergenanditscoastalsurrounds,includingNorwegiancomposerEdvardGrieg’sownhome,andthe13th-centuryKingHakon’sHall.June24-July7,fib.noGranadaInternationalFestival,SpainIn2023,performancesbyIcelandicpianistsVíkingurOlafsson,PhilippeHerrewegheinmusicbyMozartand Beethovenareamongtheclassicalmusichighlights(亮點).Asinpreviousyears,thefestivalwillteamupwithUniversityofGranadatoinviteenormousstudentstotakepartintheManueldeFallaCourses.June21-July19,granadafestival.orgVerbierFestival,SwitzerlandVerbierFestivalshowsfinemusicattheheartofthebeautifulSwissAlpseachsummerin2023.AswellasexperiencingthesefantasticperformersinsomeofthemostimpressivealpinesceneryEuropehastooffer,therealmagicofVerbieristhatitconnectsgreatmusiciansattheheightoftheircareerswithdeterminedyoungartists,throughtheVerbierFestivalAcademy.May14-June30,verbierfestival.comEdinburghInternationalFestival,ScotlandThere’sawonderfulatmosphereonthehistoricstreetsofEdinburghinAugust.In2023,thefestivalwelcomesviolinistNicolaBenedettiinherfirstyearasfestivaldirector.WewillalsoseeScottishChamberOrchestraandtheLondonSymphonyOrchestrafromclosertohome.223outstandingstudentsfromallovertheworldwilltakepartinit.August4-August27,eif.Co.uk1.WhichofthefollowinghighlightstheBergenInternationalFestival?A.Thelocations.B.Theperformers.C.Thecomposers.D.Thecoastline.2.WhatdothefestivalsinSpainandScotlandhaveincommon?A.MusicbyMozart.B.Studentparticipation.C.Violinists’performances.D.Cooperationwithuniversities.3.Whichofthefollowingstartsearliest?A.VerbierFestival.B.BergenInternationalFestival.C.GranadaInternationalFestival.D.EdinburghInternationalFestival.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了不容錯過的幾個歐洲最好的古典藝術(shù)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BergenInternationalFestival,Norway部分中的“Aswellasattractingworld-classperformers,itisspecialfortakingplaceinuniquehistoricalspotsintheheartofBergenanditscoastalsurrounds,includingNorwegiancomposerEdvardGrieg’sownhome,andthe13th-centuryKingHakon’sHall.( 除了吸引世界級的表演者，它的特別之處在于在卑爾根中心及其沿海地區(qū)獨特的歷史景點舉行，包括挪威作曲家愛德華·格里格自己的家，以及13世紀(jì)的哈康國王大廳。)”可知，BergenInternationalFestival的獨特之處在于其舉辦地點。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GranadaInternationalFestival,Spain部分中的“Asinpreviousyears,thefestivalwillteamupwithUniversityofGranadatoinviteenormousstudentstotakepartintheManueldeFallaCourses.(與往年一樣，音樂節(jié)將與格拉納達(dá)大學(xué)合作，邀請眾多學(xué)生參加曼努埃爾·德·法拉課程。)”以及EdinburghInternationalFestival,Scotland部分中的“223outstandingstudentsfromallovertheworldwilltakepartinit.(來自世界各地的223名優(yōu)秀學(xué)生將參加。)”可知，西班牙藝術(shù)節(jié)和蘇格蘭藝術(shù)節(jié)的共同之處是這兩個藝術(shù)節(jié)都有學(xué)生的參與。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BergenInternationalFestival,Norway部分中的“June24-July7(6月24日至7月7日)”；GranadaInternationalFestival,Spain部分中的“June21-July19(6月21日至7月19日)”；VerbierFestival,Switzerland部分中的“May14-June30(5月14日至6月30日)”以及EdinburghInternationalFestival,Scotland部分中的“August4-August27(8月4日至8月27日)”可知，最早開始的是VerbierFestival。故選A。BSakamotoRyuichiwhodiedonMarch28afteralongbattlewithcancer,oncedescribedhismusicalmethodthus:“Iopenmyearstotheworld.”ButwhatMr.Srakamotoheard,fewotherscould.AsamemberoftheJapanesetechno-popbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asacomposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.Hispassingbroughtaboutmourningfromthewholemusicworld.Mr.SakamotowasborninTokyoin1952andtooktomusicearly.HegraduatedfromoneofTokyo’stopcollegesofmusic,wherehestudiedWesternclassicalmusic,andexploredaninterestinthetraditionalmusicofJapan’sOkinawaaswellasinthatofIndiaandAfrica.Earlyinhiscareer,Mr.Sakamototrainedhisearsonthesoundoftechnology.YellowMagicOrchestra,agroupheformedin1978,usedsynthesisers(合成器)ininstrumentalsongsintendedfordancing-anovelcombinationatthetime.“ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldcomefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.Thatwasexactlywhathappened:Mr.Sakamoto’smusichelpedinspirewhatwouldlaterbecometechnoandhip-hop.Thenheturnedtowardsthesoundofnature.Helistenedtothewindblowing,thewaterdropping,therocksmovingandtheleavesfalling,whichheintroducedintohismusic. UnusuallyforaJapanesemusician,Mr.Sakamotousedhisfametospeakoutonsocialandpoliticalissues,includingenvironmentalpreservationandnuclear(原子核的)power.In2011,anearthquakeandtsunamirockednortheastJapanandsetoffanuclearmeltdowninFukushima.Inthewakeofthedisaster,Mr.Sakamototravelledoftentotheregiontosupportlocalresidents.In2014,thecancershookMr.Sakamoto’slife.Buteventhatcouldnotweakenhislongingtohearmore.Inthenextfewyears,hecomposedthescorefor“TheRevenant”,andproducedafilmaboutsoundcalled“Coda”.4.What’sparagraph1mainlyabout?A.ThestyleofSakamotoRyuichi’smusic.B.SakamotoRyuichi’scommentsonmusic.C.SakamotoRyuichi’scontributionstomusic.D.TheinfluenceofSakamotoRyuichi’smusic.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSakamotoRyuichifromparagraph2?A.Helikednaturescenery.B.Hegotinspiredfromnoises.C.Hecreatedtechnoandhip-hop.D.Hebecameinterestedinmusicatcollege.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeSakamotoRyuichi?A.Intelligentandfrank.B.Talentedandcaring.C.Generousandenthusiastic.D.Determinedandhumorous.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Amusician:makingsoundsintomusicB.Soundsofnature:sourcesofmusiccompositionC.YellowMagicOrchestra:memoriesofgenerationsD.SakamotoRyuichi:speakingoutforthecommonpeople【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本著名音樂人士——坂本龍一，介紹了其生平貢獻(xiàn)和音樂特色等?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AsamemberoftheJapanesetechno-popbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asacomposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardo Bertoluccitolife.Hispassingbroughtaboutmourningfromthewholemusicworld.(作為日本科技流行樂隊YellowMagicOrchestra的一員，他幫助開創(chuàng)了現(xiàn)代電子音樂。作為一名作曲家，他為BernardoBertolucci等導(dǎo)演的作品賦予了生命。他的去世引起了整個音樂界的哀悼。)”可知，第一段主要講述的是坂本龍一對音樂的貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段““ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldcomefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.(“錯誤或噪音吸引了我，我想知道這種不完美是否會產(chǎn)生新的音樂潮流，”坂本說。)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，坂本龍一從噪音中獲得靈感從而創(chuàng)造了新的音樂形式。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AsamemberoftheJapanesetechno-popbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asacomposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.(作為日本科技流行樂隊YellowMagicOrchestra的一員，他幫助開創(chuàng)了現(xiàn)代電子音樂。作為一名作曲家，他為BernardoBertolucci等導(dǎo)演的作品賦予了生命。)”可知，坂本龍一非常有才華；根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“UnusuallyforaJapanesemusician,Mr.Sakamotousedhisfametospeakoutonsocialandpoliticalissues,includingenvironmentalpreservationandnuclear(原子核的)power.In2011,anearthquakeandtsunamirockednortheastJapanandsetoffanuclearmeltdowninFukushima.Inthewakeofthedisaster,Mr.Sakamototravelledoftentotheregiontosupportlocalresidents.(作為一名日本音樂家，坂本利用自己的名氣就環(huán)境保護(hù)和核能等社會和政治問題發(fā)表了自己的看法，這與以往不同。2011年，一場地震和海嘯襲擊了日本東北部，引發(fā)了福島核泄漏。災(zāi)難發(fā)生后，坂本經(jīng)常前往該地區(qū)支持當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘛?”可知，他是一個關(guān)心他人的人。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“YellowMagicOrchestra,agroupheformedin1978,usedsynthesisers(合成器)ininstrumentalsongsintendedfordancing-anovelcombinationatthetime.“ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldcomefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.Thatwasexactlywhathappened:Mr.Sakamoto’smusichelpedinspirewhatwouldlaterbecometechnoandhip-hop.Thenheturnedtowardsthesoundofnature.Helistenedtothewindblowing,thewaterdropping,therocksmovingandtheleavesfalling,whichheintroducedintohismusic.(1978年，他組建了一支名為“黃色魔術(shù)樂團(tuán)”的樂隊，他們使用合成器來制作舞蹈用的器樂歌曲—— 這在當(dāng)時是一種新穎的組合。“錯誤或噪音吸引了我，我想知道這種不完美是否會產(chǎn)生新的音樂潮流，”坂本說。事實正是如此：坂本龍一的音樂啟發(fā)了后來的電子樂和嘻哈樂。然后他轉(zhuǎn)向大自然的聲音。他聽著風(fēng)吹、水滴、石頭移動和樹葉飄落的聲音，他把這些聲音融入到他的音樂中。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了日本著名音樂人士——坂本龍一，他擅長把各種聲音融入自己的音樂之中。故選A。COneofthechallengesintreatingburnpatientsistherepetitionofdressingchanges,whichcanbeextremelypainful.Tobringrelieftothisproblem,UniversityofWaterlooresearchershavecreatedasmartwounddressingmaterialthatusesadvancedpolymers(聚合物)forpersonalizedtreatment.Thisnewdressing,tailoredthrough3Dprinting,couldimprovetherecoveryprocessforburnpatients.“Thematerialhasgoodsurfaceadhesion,whichisakeyfeature.Itcaneasilybecomeattachedtotheskinandbetakenoff,”saidDr.BoxinZhao,aprofessorinWaterloo’sDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,whoseteamhasmadesignificantadvancesindevelopingintelligenthydrogel(水凝膠)materialsforuseasareusablewounddressing.Indevelopingthedressing,theresearchersconducteda3Dscanofthepatient’sfaceandbodypartstopersonalizeittoanindividual’sneeds.Thisenablesthedressingtomakegoodcontactwithsurfaceslikenosesandfingers,makingitperfectforcreatingpersonalizedwounddressingsforburnpatients.Thedressing’sheatresponsivenessallowsittowarmontheskinandgentlylowertoroomtemperature.Additionally,whencooledinthefridge,thedressingbecomelargerbutbecomesmallerinsizeatbodytemperature,makingiteasierandlesspainfultoremove.Also,thedressingisdesignedtoletgoofthedrugalittleatatime,allowingforlonger-lastingpainrelief.Astudyhighlightingtheteam’sprogresswasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofColloidsandInterfaceScience.ThenextstepforZhao’sresearchgroupistocontinueimprovingthematerial’spropertiestomakeithealthierandcommerciallyworkable.Thematerialalsohaspotentialapplicationsforcancertreatment.Traditionally,apatientmayneedtobeinaclinicforhours.Thisdressingcanprovideassistanceoutsidetheclinicsetting,reducingsomeofthechallengesconnectedwithtraditionalmethods.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adhesion”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Theabilitytoberecycled.B.Thefeatureofbeingadaptable.C.Thefeatureofbeingintelligent.D.Theabilitytosticktoasubstance.9.Whatisthepurposeof3Dscans?A.Totreatthewound.B.Tofigureouttheburn.C.Totailorthedressing’sshape.D.Todevelopthedressing. 10.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningthesmartdressing?A.Itspotential.B.Itseffectiveness.C.Itsproperties.D.Itsvariety.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thematerialisnothealth-friendly.B.Thematerialwillbeputintomarket.C.Thematerialhasbeenappliedtotreatcancer.D.Thematerialisintroducedtothepubliconline.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種智能傷口敷料材料，該材料使用先進(jìn)的聚合物進(jìn)行個性化治療。這種通過3D打印定制的新型敷料可以改善燒傷患者的恢復(fù)過程?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“whichisakeyfeature.Itcaneasilybecomeattachedtotheskinandbetakenoff(這是一個關(guān)鍵特點。它可以很容易地附著在皮膚上并被取下)”可知，這種材料具有良好的表面附著力，劃線單詞和選項D“Theabilitytosticktoasubstance(粘在物質(zhì)上的能力)”和劃線單詞意思相近。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Indevelopingthedressing,theresearchersconducteda3Dscanofthepatient’sfaceandbodypartstopersonalizeittoanindividual’sneeds.Thisenablesthedressingtomakegoodcontactwithsurfaceslikenosesandfingers,makingitperfectforcreatingpersonalizedwounddressingsforburnpatients.(在開發(fā)這種敷料的過程中，研究人員對患者的面部和身體部位進(jìn)行了3D掃描，以根據(jù)個人需求進(jìn)行個性化設(shè)計。這使得敷料能夠很好地與鼻子和手指等表面接觸，使其成為為燒傷患者制作個性化傷口敷料的完美選擇。)”可知，研究人員對患者的面部和身體部位進(jìn)行了3D掃描是為了根據(jù)個人需求進(jìn)行個性化設(shè)計，使得敷料能夠很好地與鼻子和手指等表面接觸，使其成為為燒傷患者制作個性化傷口敷料的完美選擇。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thedressing’sheatresponsivenessallowsittowarmontheskinandgentlylowertoroomtemperature.Additionally,whencooledinthefridge,thedressingbecomelargerbutbecomesmallerinsizeatbodytemperature,makingiteasierandlesspainfultoremove.Also,thedressingisdesignedtoletgoofthedrugalittleatatime,allowingforlonger-lastingpainrelief. (這種敷料的熱響應(yīng)性使其可以在皮膚上加熱，并輕輕地降低到室溫。此外，在冰箱里冷卻后，敷料會變大，但在體溫下會變小，這樣更容易取出，也不那么痛苦。此外，敷料的設(shè)計是讓藥物一次釋放一點，從而使疼痛得到更持久的緩解。)”可知，第四段主要介紹了該敷料的屬性。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Astudyhighlightingtheteam’sprogresswasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofColloidsandInterfaceScience.ThenextstepforZhao’sresearchgroupistocontinueimprovingthematerial’spropertiestomakeithealthierandcommerciallyworkable.(最近發(fā)表在《膠體與界面科學(xué)雜志》上的一項研究突出了該團(tuán)隊的進(jìn)展。趙的研究小組的下一步是繼續(xù)改進(jìn)這種材料的性能，使其更健康，并具有商業(yè)可行性。)”以及“Traditionally,apatientmayneedtobeinaclinicforhours.Thisdressingcanprovideassistanceoutsidetheclinicsetting,reducingsomeofthechallengesconnectedwithtraditionalmethods.(傳統(tǒng)上，病人可能需要在診所待上幾個小時。這種敷料可以在診所之外提供幫助，減少了與傳統(tǒng)方法相關(guān)的一些挑戰(zhàn)。)”可推測，研究人員的下一步是繼續(xù)改進(jìn)這種材料的性能，使其更健康，并具有商業(yè)可行性。而這可以在診所之外提供幫助。由此可推測，該敷料即將推向市場。故選B。DSpacesettlementiswidelydebated.SomearguelivinginspaceisunrealisticandthatweshouldconcentrateonimprovinglifeonEarthinsteadofpotentiallyruininganotherplanet.TakinglivingonMarsasanexample,somescientiststhinkitisafantasy.Tomakeit,MarsneedstofirstbewarmedtoclosertoEarth’saveragetemperature,whichwilltakeabout100years.Thentheplanetmustbemadetoproduceoxygen,whichwilltake100,000yearsormore.A2018NASAstudyconcludedthat,basedonthelevelsofCO2foundonMars,theaboveplanisnotpractical.Ifasolutionwerefoundandconducted,aprojectofthatmagnitudewouldcostbillions,perhapstrillions(萬億).Besides,humanshavemadeamessofEarth.Ifhumansareabletochangeanuninhabitableplanetinspaceintoanappealinghomeforhumans,surelywehavethecapabilitytofixtheproblemswe’vecreatedonEarth.JohnTraphagan,ProfessorattheUniversityofTexas,argued,“Weneedtostopholdingthebeliefofhumanexceptionalismandstartseeinghumansaspartofacollectionofspecies.Aslongaswebringitwithustootherworlds,wewillrepeatthesamemistakes.”However,othersarguehumanshaveamoralobligationtosaveourspeciesfromextinction,andspacesettlementisonewayofdoingso.Accordingtosomephilosophies,humansaretheonlybeingscapableofmorality,and,thus,preservingourspeciesisthemostmorallypressing.Spacesettlementgiveshumankindtheopportunitytosignificantlyraisethechancesofsurvivalbyprovidingaccesstothesolarsystem’sresources,andincreasingknowledgeofspaceandEarth.Spacesettlementisthenextlogical(合理的)stepinhumangrowth.Humansarenotaspeciestostandstill. JeffBezos,whotraveledtospacein2021,stated,“Thesolarsystemcaneasilysupportatrillionhumans.Andifwehadatrillionhumans,wewouldhaveathousandEinsteinsandathousandMozartsandunlimited,forallpracticalpurposes.”12.Whatinformationdoesparagraph2deliver?A.SolutionstolivingonMarshavebeenfound.B.The2018NASAstudyagreedtoliveonMars.C.SomescientistsregardlivingonMarsunrealistic.D.ThetemperatureonMarsissuitableforhabitation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Themess.B.Thecapability.C.Thebelief.D.Acollectionofspecies.14.AccordingtoJeffBezos,whatbenefitwillspacesettlementbring?A.Morehumangeniuses.B.Richknowledge.C.Morediversespecies.D.Unlimitedwealth.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetospacesettlement?A.Doubtful.B.Objective.C.Worried.D.Positive.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了關(guān)于太空定居相關(guān)內(nèi)容，包括其優(yōu)缺點等等?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TakinglivingonMarsasanexample,somescientiststhinkitisafantasy.Tomakeit,MarsneedstofirstbewarmedtoclosertoEarth’saveragetemperature,whichwilltakeabout100years.Thentheplanetmustbemadetoproduceoxygen,whichwilltake100,000yearsormore.(以在火星上生活為例，一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為這是幻想。要做到這一點，火星首先需要加熱到接近地球的平均溫度，這需要大約100年的時間。然后，火星必須產(chǎn)生氧氣，這將需要10萬年或更長時間。)”可知，有些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為在火星上生活是不現(xiàn)實的。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Weneedtostopholdingthebeliefofhumanexceptionalismandstartseeinghumansaspartofacollectionofspecies.(我們需要停止持有人類例外論的信念，并開始將人類視為物種集合的一部分。)”可知，JohnTraphagan教授認(rèn)為人類應(yīng)該放棄認(rèn)為人類例外論這一觀點。否則即便去太空定居，我們?nèi)祟愐矔竿瑯拥腻e誤。所以代詞it代指這一“信念”。故選C。 【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“JeffBezos,whotraveledtospacein2021,stated,“Thesolarsystemcaneasilysupportatrillionhumans.Andifwehadatrillionhumans,wewouldhaveathousandEinsteinsandathousandMozartsandunlimited,forallpracticalpurposes.”(JeffBezos于2021年前往太空，他說：“太陽系可以輕松養(yǎng)活1萬億人。如果我們有一萬億人，我們就會有一千個愛因斯坦和一千個莫扎特，而且是無限的。”)”可知，JeffBezos認(rèn)為太空定居會使我們擁有更多的天才。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“A2018NASAstudyconcludedthat,basedonthelevelsofCO2foundonMars,theaboveplanisnotpractical.Ifasolutionwerefoundandconducted,aprojectofthatmagnitudewouldcostbillions,perhapstrillions(萬億).(美國宇航局2018年的一項研究得出結(jié)論，根據(jù)火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)的二氧化碳水平，上述計劃是不切實際的。如果找到解決方案并付諸實施，那么如此大規(guī)模的項目將耗資數(shù)十億美元，甚至數(shù)萬億美元。)”可知，第二段介紹了太空定居面臨的困難；而文章第三段“Besides,humanshavemadeamessofEarth.Ifhumansareabletochangeanuninhabitableplanetinspaceintoanappealinghomeforhumans,surelywehavethecapabilitytofixtheproblemswe’vecreatedonEarth.(此外，人類把地球搞得一團(tuán)糟。如果人類能夠把太空中一個不適合居住的星球變成一個有吸引力的人類家園，我們當(dāng)然有能力解決我們在地球上制造的問題。)”則認(rèn)為人類有能力解決我們在地球上制造的問題；根據(jù)文章第四段“However,othersarguehumanshaveamoralobligationtosaveourspeciesfromextinction,andspacesettlementisonewayofdoingso.(然而，其他人認(rèn)為人類有道德義務(wù)拯救我們的物種免于滅絕，而太空定居是這樣做的一種方式。)”則介紹了其他人的觀點，這些人認(rèn)為太空定居是可行的。由此可推斷，在這篇文章中，作者客觀地介紹了太空定居的優(yōu)缺點。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThebiggestriskI’veevertakenwasquittingmyjobandbikingaloneacrosswesternChina.____16____SoitwasahugephysicalchallengebutIgotstrongereveryday,andeventually,Icouldeasilybikeforeighthourseachday.Oneofthebestpartsofthewholeexperiencewasthepeople.ImetpeoplefromacrossChinaandoncegottoattendaTibetanwedding-somethingIneverthoughtIwoulddo.____17____OnetimeIevenmetagroupofChinesementravelingbymotorcycle,whoinvitedmetocookfishthattheycaughtinthelakeoverafirewithwood.AnotherinstancewaswhenImetagroupofcyclists.Theywereintheir60sand70sandstillcyclingbetterthanIwas.____18____ Thepeopleweresomeofthebestpartsofthetrip,butmostlyeachday,Iwasalonewithnature.Throughouttherollinghillsandtheflowingstreams,westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.____19____Withthickforests,icyglaciers,andpeacefullakes,thereissomuchtoseeinChina.____20____IgottotastelocalsnacksineveryplaceIwent.Therearesomanydifferentoptions!MyfavoritewasthecookingofSichuan,aprovinceknownforitshotflavorsandinterestingdishes.NomatterhowmuchIate,InevergotsickofhavingdifferentChinesefoods.ItwasindeedanexperienceIwillneverforget.Ifanyonehasaninterestintraveling,Iwouldhighlyrecommendgoingbybicycle!A.Itsimplytookmybreathaway.B.Myfamilywereshockedandtriedtotalkmeoutofit.C.Thefoodwasdefinitelyanotherhighlightofmyjourney.D.Ihadneverbikedformorethantwohoursinonedaybefore.E.Itreallyinspiredmetopushmyselfandgofarthereveryday.F.TravelingbybicyclewasactuallymuchcheaperthanIthought.G.Thewholeeventwasextraordinary,fullofdancing,laughterandfun.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者獨自騎自行車穿越中國西部時的所見所聞?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“ThebiggestriskI’veevertakenwasquittingmyjobandbikingaloneacrosswesternChina.(我冒過的最大的風(fēng)險就是辭掉工作，獨自騎自行車穿越中國西部。)”可知，對于作者而言，辭掉工作獨自騎自行車是作者冒過的最大的風(fēng)險。選項B“Myfamilywereshockedandtriedtotalkmeoutofit.(我的家人都很震驚，并試圖說服我不要這么做。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，是上文內(nèi)容的延續(xù)，因為風(fēng)險較大，那么作者的家人自然不希望作者這樣做。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“ImetpeoplefromacrossChinaandoncegottoattendaTibetanwedding-somethingIneverthoughtIwoulddo.(我遇到了來自中國各地的人，有一次我有幸參加了一場藏族婚禮——這是我從未想過的。)”可知，作者有幸參加了一場藏族婚禮。選項G“Thewholeeventwasextraordinary,fullofdancing,laughterandfun.(整個活動非常精彩，充滿了舞蹈、笑聲和歡樂。)”延續(xù)了上文的內(nèi)容，具體講述了這場藏族婚禮的精彩之處。故選G。【18題詳解】 根據(jù)空前“AnotherinstancewaswhenImetagroupofcyclists.Theywereintheir60sand70sandstillcyclingbetterthanIwas.(另一個例子是我遇到一群騎自行車的人。他們已經(jīng)六七十歲了，但仍然比我騎得好)”可知，作者遇到了一群騎自行車的人，他們雖然已經(jīng)六七十歲了，但是仍然騎得比作者好。選項E“Itreallyinspiredmetopushmyselfandgofarthereveryday.(它真的激勵我每天鞭策自己，走得更遠(yuǎn)。)”中的“it”代指上文作者遇到的那群騎自行車的人，而他們雖然已經(jīng)六七十歲了，但是仍然騎得比作者好這件事激勵了作者繼續(xù)前行。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Throughouttherollinghillsandtheflowingstreams,westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.(在連綿起伏山巒和奔流的溪流中，中國西部擁有世界上最令人驚嘆的風(fēng)景。)”以及空后“Withthickforests,icyglaciers,andpeacefullakes,thereissomuchtoseeinChina.(茂密的森林，冰冷的冰川，寧靜的湖泊，中國有很多值得一看的地方。)”可知，作者在本段中主要描述了祖國西部地區(qū)的美麗風(fēng)景。選項A“Itsimplytookmybreathaway.(簡直讓我無法呼吸。)”中的“it”代指上文“westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.”；并延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，表達(dá)了作者對中國西部地區(qū)風(fēng)景的贊嘆。故選A。【20題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“IgottotastelocalsnacksineveryplaceIwent.Therearesomanydifferentoptions!MyfavoritewasthecookingofSichuan,aprovinceknownforitshotflavorsandinterestingdishes.NomatterhowmuchIate,InevergotsickofhavingdifferentChinesefoods.(每到一個地方我都能品嘗到當(dāng)?shù)氐男〕?。有這么多不同的選擇！我最喜歡的是四川菜，一個以辣味和有趣的菜肴而聞名的省份。不管我吃了多少，我都不會厭倦不同的中國菜。)”可知，本段主要介紹了騎行中享受到的美食。選項C“Thefoodwasdefinitelyanotherhighlightofmyjourney.(食物絕對是我旅途中的另一個亮點。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，講述的都是作者在旅途中享受到美食。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onedarkmorningwhiledrivingtowork,mydad,ClaytonKavalinas,diedinacrashtoavoidadeerintheroad.Hewasonly35.____21____couldhavehelpedpreventtheaccident,buttherewerenonethere.Myheartwasbrokenbythelossofmyfather,especiallywhenIrealizedthathisdeathcouldhavebeen____22____.Inatwo-yearperiod,twenty-nine____23____happenedonthatareaofthehighway.Timeandagain,Ithought,“howcouldIfindawaytomakemydad’sshortlifereally____24____?” Anidea____25____tomethatIwouldtrytogetsomelightsputupinthatareatohelpotherdriversseebetter.First,Itriedtoincreasepublic____26____oncityhall.Withhelpfrommyclassmates,Ihandedoutflyers(傳單)athomesandshoppingmalls,andobtainedoverthreehundred____27____neededtocatchtheattentionofthepoliticians____28____roadsafetyissues.Thelocalmediaalsoparticipated.Thereporters____29____itandthepeopleweretouchedand_____30_____thedanger.Thepublicpressurebeganto_____31_____andwithinfourmonths,thecitycouncil(市議會)agreedtospend$290,000fornewlights.Sometimes,goingthroughtheaccidentoverandoverwasahardthingtodo_____32_____.ButI’dbereallyhappyand_____33_____thatmydad’slifewastheonethatmadethe_____34_____inhelpingtosavemanyotherlives.I’llalwayshavethe_____35_____ofknowingthateverynight,alittlebitofDadisshiningdown.21.A.BatteriesB.StreetlightsC.FacilitiesD.Guidelines22.A.predictedB.investigatedC.cancelledD.avoided23.A.eventsB.emergenciesC.accidentsD.adventures24.A.countB.lastC.ceaseD.survive25.A.happenedB.respondedC.referredD.occurred26.A.pressureB.awarenessC.requirementD.desire27.A.lettersB.strategiesC.filesD.signatures28.A.incaseofB.inchargeofC.infavorofD.inneedof29.A.interviewedB.coveredC.spreadD.complained30.A.claimedB.escapedC.acknowledgedD.committed31.A.riseB.boilC.fallD.die32.A.potentiallyB.emotionallyC.graduallyD.physically33.A.anxiousB.sorryC.proudD.grateful34.A.differenceB.strengthC.wisdomD.responsibility35.A.dutyB.comfortC.powerD.intention【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的父親為了躲避路上的一只鹿，在開車上班的路上死于一場車禍。作者決定自己的父親本不該遭遇這場車禍，于是通過自己的努力讓市政廳最終同意安裝照明設(shè)備。作者覺得自己父親的死也算是有了價值?！?1題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：路燈本可以幫助防止事故發(fā)生，但那里沒有路燈。A.Batteries電池；B.Streetlights街燈；C.Facilities設(shè)備；D.Guidelines準(zhǔn)則。根據(jù)下文“Anidea____5____tomethatIwouldtrytogetsomelightsputupinthatareatohelpotherdriversseebetter.”可知，作者打算安裝路燈。由此推斷，那條道路上原本沒有路燈。故選B。22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：父親的去世使我心碎，尤其是當(dāng)我意識到他的死本來是可以避免的。A.predicted預(yù)計；B.investigated調(diào)查；C.cancelled取消；D.avoided避免。根據(jù)上文“____1____couldhavehelpedpreventtheaccident,buttherewerenonethere.”可知，作者認(rèn)為如果路上有路燈，事故就不會發(fā)生。由此推斷，作者認(rèn)為父親的死本可以避免。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在兩年的時間里，這條高速公路上發(fā)生了29起事故。A.events事件；B.emergencies緊急情況；C.accidents事故；D.adventures冒險。根據(jù)句意可知，在兩年的時間內(nèi)，這條路上又發(fā)生了29起事故。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我一次又一次地想：“我怎樣才能讓我父親短暫的一生真正有意義呢？”A.count數(shù)數(shù)、重要的、有意義的；B.last持續(xù)；C.cease停止；D.survive幸存。根據(jù)最后一段“ButI’dbereallyhappyand____13____thatmydad’slifewastheonethatmadethe____14____inhelpingtosavemanyotherlives.”可知，作者希望自己的父親的死會有意義。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然想到，我應(yīng)該在那個地方裝上一些燈，讓其他司機看得更清楚。A.happened發(fā)生；B.responded回復(fù)；C.referred參考；D.occurred發(fā)生?？蘸笫亲髡叩南敕?，空處考查固定句型：sth.occurredtosbthat，意為“某人突然想到……”。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，我試圖增加公眾對市政廳的壓力。A.pressure壓力；B.awareness意識；C.requirement要求；D.desire渴望。空處為原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)下文“Thepublicpressurebeganto____11____andwithinfourmonths,thecitycouncil(市議會)agreedtospend$290,000fornewlights.”可知，作者是想增加公眾對市政廳的壓力。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在同學(xué)們的幫助下，我在家里和商場里散發(fā)傳單，收集了三百多個簽名，引起了負(fù)責(zé)道路安全問題的政客們的注意。A.letters信件；B.strategies策略；C.files文件；D.signatures簽名。根據(jù)上文“Ihandedoutflyers(傳單)athomesandshoppingmalls, ”可知，作者通過發(fā)傳單來收集簽名已獲得政客的注意。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：在同學(xué)們的幫助下，我在家里和商場里散發(fā)傳單，收集了三百多個簽名，引起了負(fù)責(zé)道路安全問題的政客們的注意。A.incaseof以防……；B.inchargeof管理；C.infavorof支持；D.inneedof需要。根據(jù)空前的“thepoliticians”以及空后的“roadsafetyissues”可判斷，空處指的是管理，負(fù)責(zé)，意為“負(fù)責(zé)道路安全問題的政客們”。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：記者們進(jìn)行了報道，人們被感動了，意識到了危險。A.interviewed采訪；B.covered覆蓋、報道；C.spread傳播；D.complained抱怨。根據(jù)空前“Thelocalmediaalsoparticipated.”可知媒體也參與進(jìn)來，由此可推斷，記者是報道了這件事。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：記者們進(jìn)行了報道，人們被感動了，意識到了危險。A.claimed宣稱；B.escaped逃避；C.acknowledged承認(rèn)、注意到；D.committed承諾、犯罪。根據(jù)上文可知，作者散發(fā)傳單的同時新聞也有了報道，由此推斷，人們意識到了危險。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：公眾的壓力開始上升，在四個月內(nèi)，市議會同意花費29萬美元購買新的照明設(shè)備。A.rise上升；B.boil沸騰；C.fall摔倒；D.die死。根據(jù)下文“withinfourmonths,thecitycouncil(市議會)agreedtospend$290,000fornewlights.”可推測，公眾的壓力開始上升，最終迫使市議會同意購買新的照明設(shè)備。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，一遍又一遍地經(jīng)歷事故在情感上是一件很難做到的事情。A.potentially潛在地；B.emotionally情緒上地；C.gradually逐漸；D.physically身體上地。根據(jù)上文“goingthroughtheaccidentoverandover”可知，作者不得不一次又一次回憶和經(jīng)歷父親去世這件事，對作者而言，情感上很難做到。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我真的很高興和自豪，因為我父親的生命起到了重要作用，幫助拯救了許多其他人的生命。A.anxious擔(dān)憂的；B.sorry難過的；C.proud自豪的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)and前的“happy”可知，空處和“happy”意思相近；而根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知作者父親的生命挽救了更多人的生命，這是令人感到自豪的事情。故選C?！?4題詳解】 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我真的很高興和自豪，因為我父親的生命起到了重要作用，幫助拯救了許多其他人的生命。A.difference差異；B.strength力量、長處；C.wisdom智慧；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Thepublicpressurebeganto____11____andwithinfourmonths,thecitycouncil(市議會)agreedtospend$290,000fornewlights.”可知，市政會最終同意安裝新路燈，所以說作者父親的生命起到了一定的作用。選項A“difference”和上文構(gòu)成短語：makethedifference，意為“起作用”，符合句意。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天晚上，我都會感到些許安慰，因為我知道，爸爸的點點光芒都在照耀著我。A.duty職責(zé)；B.comfort安慰；C.power權(quán)力；D.intention目的。根據(jù)空后“knowingthateverynight,alittlebitofDadisshiningdown.”可知，作者知道自己的爸爸的點點光芒都在照耀著自己，所以這對于作者而言是一種慰藉。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LiuWenwenwasbornintoasuonafamily.Herfather’sfamilyhasperformedsuonaforsevengenerations,whilethetraditiononhermother’ssideofthefamily____36____(date)backtotheearlyQingDynasty.ThemusicisrootedinLiu’sDNA,buttheinstrumentissoloud____37____itannoyedtheneighborswhenshepracticedathome.“Somyparentswouldwakemeupat4ameverydayandtakemetopracticeoutsideinapark.”Herclassmatesatprimaryschoollaughedather,____38____(say)herwholefamilywasengagedonlyin“weddingsandfunerals(葬禮)”,____39____madeherfeelashamed.Shefoundsuonamusicbeautifulforthefirsttimein2008,whensheenteredShanghaiConservatoryofMusic.Thefirstsuonaplayer____40____(study)foradoctor’sdegree,Liuisalsoteachingatheralmamater(母校).Liusaidsheisdelightedtoseesuonamusicregaining____41____(popular)amongtheyoungpeople,sometimesevencombined____42____jazz,operaandotherartforms.Forherdebut(初次登臺)ontheinternationalstage,shewasplaying“HundredsofBirdsPayingHomagetoPhoenix,”____43____masterpiecethatoftenrepresentsexcellenceinsuonaperformance.TheWesternerswere____44____(true)amazedbytheloud,unfamiliarinstrumentanditscolorfulmusic.“It’swonderfultoseetheyoungergenerationcarryingonthe_____45_____(culture)heritage.”【答案】36.dates37.that38.saying39.which40.tostudy41.popularity42.with43.a 44.truly45.cultural【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇人物介紹。文章主要講述了嗩吶世家出身的劉雯雯如何將嗩吶文化發(fā)揚光大?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：她父親的家族已經(jīng)有七代人演奏嗩吶，而她母親的家族演奏嗩吶的傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到清朝早期。這里為從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)上文可知，從句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時；主語為“thetradition”，單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填dates?！?7題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：這種音樂根植于劉的DNA中，但樂器的聲音太大，以至于她在家里練習(xí)時惹惱了鄰居。這里為結(jié)果狀語從句：so…that…，意為“如此……以至于……”。故填that?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：她的小學(xué)同學(xué)嘲笑她，說她全家只搞“婚禮和葬禮”，這讓她感到很羞愧。這里為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，和主句主語“herclassmates”之間為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語。故填saying。【39題詳解】考查非限定性定語從句。句意：她的小學(xué)同學(xué)嘲笑她，說她全家只搞“婚禮和葬禮”，這讓她感到很羞愧。這里為非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞為主句一句話，在非限定性定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，用which。故填which?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：她是第一個攻讀博士學(xué)位的嗩吶演奏家，同時也在她的母校任教。非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)thefirst+n的后置定語，用動詞不定式形式，意為“第一個做某事的……”。故填tostudy。【41題詳解】考查名詞。句意：劉說，她很高興看到嗩吶音樂在年輕人中重新流行起來，有時甚至與爵士樂、歌劇和其他藝術(shù)形式結(jié)合起來。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語，抽象名詞，不可數(shù)，故填popularity?！?2題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：劉說，她很高興看到嗩吶音樂在年輕人中重新流行起來，有時甚至與爵士樂、歌劇和其他藝術(shù)形式結(jié)合起來。固定搭配：becombinedwith，意為“和……相結(jié)合”。故填with?！?3題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：在國際舞臺上的首次亮相，她演奏的是《百鳥朝鳳》，這是一部通常代表卓越嗩吶表演的杰作。修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表泛指，用不定冠詞，且masterpiece發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這些西方人對這種響亮而陌生的樂器及其豐富多彩的音樂感到非常震撼。修飾形容詞 amazed用副詞形式。故填truly。【45題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：看到年輕一代繼承文化遺產(chǎn)真是太棒了。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞修飾其后的名詞heritage。故填cultural。第三節(jié)單詞拼寫(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)根據(jù)漢語及首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞。46.Yoursmarthomewilllearnyourdailyroutineandp______(愛好；偏愛)(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)【答案】preferences##references【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：你的智能家居會了解你的日常生活和喜好。根據(jù)并列連詞and前名詞dailyroutine可知，用名詞形式。名詞“愛好；偏愛”英文為preference，泛指，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。根據(jù)中英文提示及句意，故填preferences。47.OnOctober4,1957,theSputnikIsatellitewasl________(發(fā)射)bytheUSSR.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空)【答案】launched##aunched【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：1957年10月4日，蘇聯(lián)發(fā)射了斯普特尼克一號衛(wèi)星。根據(jù)漢語和首字母提示可知，launch發(fā)射，動詞作謂語，符合題意；由空后“bytheUSSR”可知，此處表示衛(wèi)星被發(fā)射，所以空處謂語動詞需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：wasdone。故填launched。48.Weshouldn’tjudgethevalueofsomethingjustbasedonitse______(外部的)appearance.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)【答案】external##xternal【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我們不應(yīng)該僅憑外表來判斷事物的價值。根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示可知，此處使用形容詞external，修飾名詞appearance，作定語。故填external。49.Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwooda___________(明顯地)destroyeditsmedicalproperties.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）【答案】apparently【解析】 【詳解】考查副詞。句意：她得出的結(jié)論是，煮沸甜艾草顯然破壞了它的醫(yī)學(xué)特性。根據(jù)句意，首字母以及漢語提示“明顯地”可知，此處應(yīng)填入副詞apparently(明顯地，顯然地)作結(jié)果狀語，故填apparently。50.Historically,Chineseimmigrantssettledintheareaduringtherailroadc______(建設(shè))andgoldrushperiod.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)【答案】construction##onstruction【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：歷史上，中國移民在鐵路建設(shè)和淘金熱時期定居在該地區(qū)。根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示可知，此處使用名詞construction，表示“建設(shè)”時，是不可數(shù)名詞，作介詞during的賓語。故填construction。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)51.請結(jié)合以下表格，以ARoleModel為題，寫一篇短文向校英文報投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.人物介紹；2.對你的啟發(fā)。姓名桂海潮出生年月1986年11月職業(yè)北航教授主要經(jīng)歷2014年7月在北航獲博士學(xué)位;2017年9月?lián)尾?dǎo);2023年5月執(zhí)行神州十六號載人飛行任務(wù)，成為首位戴眼鏡飛天的航天員。信條知識改變命運。參考詞匯：博導(dǎo)：adoctoralsupervisor注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ARoleModel _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ARoleModelGuiHaichao,aprofessoratBeihangUniversity,isarolemodelformanyyoungstudents.BorninNovember1986,GuiHaichaoreceivedhisdoctor’sdegreefromBeihangUniversityinJuly2014.HebecameadoctoralsupervisorinSeptember2017andexecutedtheShenzhouXVImannedflightmissioninMay2023,becomingthefirstastronautwithglassestoflyinspace.Hismottois“Knowledgechangesdestiny.”GuiHaichao’sstoryinspiresmetoworkharderandpursuemydreams.Heistrulyarolemodelformeandmanyothers.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文寫作中的投稿。要求考生向校英文報投稿，介紹首位戴眼鏡飛天的航天員——桂海潮?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累獲得：receive→obtain執(zhí)行：execute→carryout激勵：inspire→encourage追求：pursue→goafter/seek2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：GuiHaichao,aprofessoratBeihangUniversity,isarolemodelformanyyoungstudents.拓展句：GuiHaichao,whoisaprofessoratBeihangUniversity,isarolemodelformanyyoungstudents.【點睛】【高分句型1】BorninNovember1986,GuiHaibaoreceivedhisdoctor’sdegreefromBeihangUniversityinJuly2014.（運用了過去分詞作狀語）【高分句型2】HebecameadoctoralsupervisorinSeptember2017andexecutedtheShenzhouXVImannedflightmissioninMay2023,becomingthefirstastronautwithglassestoflyinspace.（運用了現(xiàn)在分詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語）第二節(jié)(滿分25分)52.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整短文。Hey,RememberWhen?WhenIlookbackonmychildhood,IwillalwaysrememberthememoriesIhavehadwithmycousins.Therearefiveofus,includingmybrotherJack,mycousinsMarleigh,WestonandMichael,andmyselfthatareparticularlyclose.Everysummer,sinceIwassixorseven,Ihavespenttimewiththem.Everysummer,IbringhomeunforgettablememoriesthatIknowIwillkeepforever.EachtimeIseemycousins,weplayagamecalled,“Hey,remember,when…,”andwerememberallthecrazy thingswe’vedoneinthepast.“Hey,rememberwhenJackorderedroomserviceattheDisneylandHotelrightwhenwewereabouttoleave?AuntPamgotsomadthatJackhadtopayforit,andwedidn’tevengettoeatthefood!”Yeah,thatwasfunny.“RememberwhenwewereatTheGoodGuys,andWestondecidedtotestthevideocamerathatshoweduponthebigscreensinthestorebyputtingthecameradownhispants(短褲).Thattotallygottheattentionofeveryoneinthestore!”“Rememberwhen…?”Anditgoesonlikethisforhours.OnesummerthefiveofuswereonholidayinPalmSprings.Duringthedayitwas115degreesoutside,wewouldgotothecoolestplacearound:theair-conditionedmall.OnedayatthemallwewentintoashopthatsoldpillowsandMichaelhadagoodidea.Hedecideditwouldbefunifweburiedhimunderallthosebeautifulnewpillows.So,ofcourse,wedid.Inlessthantwominutes,allofthepillowswereofftheshelvesandontopofMichaelandhewasnolongerinsight.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Wewereallenjoyingourselveswhenwespottedafatsaleswomancomingourway._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Michael,realizinghismistake,startedrunningtojoinus._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Wewereallenjoyingourselveswhenwespottedafatsaleswomancomingourway.Shelookedangrybecausewemadeamessofthesepillows.Whenshecameuptous,sheaskedangrily,“Whatareyoudoing?You’dbettergetoutofhereassoonaspossible.”Hearinghercomplaint,weimmediatelystoppedfightingandleftquickly.Intheend,thesaleswomanhelpedMichaeltohisfeetandtoldhimthatwhatweweredoingwaswrongandweshould notdoitagain.Michael,realizinghismistake,startedrunningtojoinus.Michaeltoldusthathehadsincerelymadeanapologytothesaleswomanandreceivedherforgiveness.Inordertomakeupforthemistakewemade,wealldecidedtogobacktothestoreandhelpsortoutthepillows.Inashortwhile,wefinishedthetask.Althoughwefeltalittletired,westillfelthappyandrealizedthatthisexperiencewoulddefinitelybeapartof“Hey,RememberWhen?”【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者和幾個表兄弟童年總在一起玩耍，留下了很多值得回憶的瞬間。有一次他們在商場玩耍，因為一時貪玩，將商場的枕頭弄得一團(tuán)糟，他們的行為引起了銷售員的抱怨，但銷售員也耐心教導(dǎo)其中一人。最終作者和表兄弟們意識到自己的錯誤，為了彌補錯誤，他們幫忙整理枕頭?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段句首內(nèi)容“正當(dāng)我們玩得很開心的時候，一個胖女售貨員向我們走來?！笨芍谝欢蚊枋鑫覀兊男袨橐鹗圬泦T的不滿，但售貨員仍然耐心的教導(dǎo)的過程。②由第二段句首內(nèi)容“邁克爾意識到了自己的錯誤，開始跑向我們”可知，第二段描述我們意識到自己的錯誤，為了彌補錯誤，我們回到商場幫忙整理枕頭。2.續(xù)寫線索：引起不滿——我們離開——售貨員耐心教導(dǎo)——承認(rèn)錯誤并道歉——回去幫忙3.詞匯激活行為類①幫助：help/assist②整理：sortout/tidyup③彌補：makeupfor/compensatefor情緒類：①生氣的：angry/annoyed②疲憊的：tired/exhausted③開心的：happy/pleased【點睛】【高分句型1】Intheend,thesaleswomanhelpedMichaeltohisfeetandtoldhimthatwhatweweredoingwaswrongandweshouldnotdoitagain.（運用了what引導(dǎo)賓語從句）【高分句型2】Althoughwefeltalittletired,westillfelthappyandrealizedthatthisexperiencewoulddefinitelybeapartof“Hey,RememberWhen?”（運用了although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句）