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1、ArchViro1135(1994)Tl'IkTVirologyDivision~ewsJI../,&,RevisionofthetaxonomyoftheCoronavirus,TorovirusandArterivirusgeneraIntroductionRecentmolecularanalysisofthegeneraTorovirusandArterivirushasposedquestionsforthetaxonomyofthesevirusesvisdvistheCoronavirusgenus.
2、Untilrecentlythetorovirusgenushadnotbeenassignedtoafamily.NowcommongeneticandreplicativefeaturesofthecoronavirusesandtoroviruseshavebeenformallyrecognizedbyinclusionofToroviruswithinthepreviouslymonogenericCoronaviridae[6].Incontrasttothetoroviruses,thearteriv
3、iruseshavebeeninafamily,Togaviridae,formanyyears.ThelocationofthesevirusesintheTogaviridaewasbasedontheirresemblan-ce,withrespecttomorphology,viriondimensionsandnatureandsizeofthegenome,toothermembersofthatfamily.However,analysisofthereplicationofarteriviruses
4、,sup-portedbysequencedata,hasclearlyshownthattheTogaviridaeisamostinappropriatehomeforthem.Instead,investigationshaverevealedthatthearteriviruseshavemoreincommonwithmembersoftheCoronaviridae.However,therearemajordifferencesbe-tweenthearterivirusesandtheCoronav
5、iridaewhich"hasresultedinareluctanceoftheCoronaviridae.Itwasproposed,andacceptedbytheExecutiveCommitteeoftheInterna-tionalCommitteefortheTaxonomyofViruses(ICTV),thatarterivirusesshouldbewithdrawnfromtheTogaviridae[6].Thisreportdescribeswhythetoroviruseshavebee
6、nassignedtothesamefamilyasthecoronavirusesandaskshowbesttorecognize,bytaxonomy,themajorsimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweentheCoronaviridaeandthearterivurses.Thereferenceshavebeenlimitedlargelytoreviewsandveryrecentpublications.Theseinclude[5,17,31,32]forcoronavi
7、ruses,[15,31,39]fortorovirusesand[9,10,12,16,31]forarteriviruses.DevelopmentoftheCoronaviridaeidentityTheCoronaviridaeremainedamonogenericfamilyforaquarterofacentury.In1967asmall,pioneeringbandofvirologistsproposedthatapreviouslyunrecognizedgroupofvirusesshoul
8、dbegiventhenamecoronavirus[1].Thefirstthreemembersofthegroup,infectiousbronchitisvirus(IBV),murinehepatitisvirus(MHV)andhumancoronavirus(HCV),hadbeenobservedtohaveasimilarmorpholog
